The atlas a.k.a. C1 is the first vertebra of the spinal column. It connects with the occipital bone, which, is a flat bone located at the posterior part of the head. The atlas is made up of: Anterior arch Posterior arch Paired lateral masses Paired transverse processes Composition of Atlas Lateral Masses Features: [...]
The only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea is the cricoid cartilage or cricoid ring. It creates the posterior part of the voice box and functions as an attachment site for muscles, cartilages, as well as ligaments associated with opening and closing the airway and in creating speech. Cricoid Cartilage Structure The [...]
The stylomandibular ligament is the second supporting ligament of temporomandibular joint, including sphenomandibular ligament. Stylomandibular Ligament Origin It originates from styloid process and goes inferior as well as anterior towards the angle and posterior margin of the ramus of the mandible. Structure Stylomandibular ligament is a fibrous extension of the deep cervical fascia [...]
The second cervical vertebra, commonly known as C2 is also called the axis. It is a peculiar cervical vertebra which possesses distinctive attributes and significant relations that facilitates its detection. The odontoid process is its most protuberant aspect, which is the body of the atlas or C1 as an embryo. It is vital for rotation [...]
Posterior nasal spine is created where the two horizontal plates combine at the midline as well as protrudes back from the edge of the hard palate. The posterior margin of the horizontal plates along with the posterior nasal spine is related to connection of the soft palate. Posterior Nasal Spine Palpation Posterior Nasal [...]
The clivus is a bony part of the cranium found at the skull base and is a shallow recession at the back of the dorsum sellae that inclines obliquely backwards. It creates a gradual sloping process at its junction with the sphenoid bone at the forward most part of the basilar occipital bone. Clivus [...]
The basilar part of occipital bone is located directly posterior towards the body of the sphenoid in the midline. It spreads out posteriorly towards the foramen magnum and via the temporal bones is bounded laterally. The pharyngeal tubercle is protuberant on the basilar portion of the occipital bone and is a bony protrusion for the [...]
The rounded occipital condyles are located at each anterolateral border of the foramen magnum. Occipital Condyle Structure A recession called the condylar fossa enclosing a condylar canal is located posterior towards each condyle and the large hypoglossal canal is located anteriorly and superiorly towards each condyle. A large, uneven jugular foramen created by [...]
The External occipital crest is part of the external surface of the Squama occipitalis of the occipital bone. External Occipital Crest Structure External occipital crest travels lengthwise the midline, starting at the external occipital protuberance and going inferiorly towards the foramen magnum which attaches to the nuchal ligament. From the middle of the [...]
The cribriform plate a.k.a. lamina cribriosa is the horizontal lamina which connects the ethmoidal labyrinths together with the perpendicular plate. Cribriform Plate Structure 1. It occupies the gap in the middle of the orbital parts of the frontal bone, roofing in the nasal cavities inferiorly, and superiorly creating: The crista galli [...]